Microvascular Decompression (MVD)

What Is Microvascular Decompression?

Microvascular Decompression (MVD) is a specialised neurosurgical procedure designed to relieve pressure on nerves caused by nearby blood vessels. This pressure can cause severe pain or abnormal muscle movements. MVD is most commonly used to treat conditions like trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

The procedure aims to eliminate nerve compression while preserving normal nerve function, providing long-lasting relief from debilitating symptoms.

Conditions Treated with MVD

MVD is primarily used for patients experiencing:

• Trigeminal neuralgia – sudden, severe facial pain

• Hemifacial spasm – involuntary twitching of facial muscles

• Glossopharyngeal neuralgia – severe throat and ear pain related to the glossopharyngeal nerve

It is typically recommended for patients who have not found relief from medication or less invasive treatments.

How Microvascular Decompression Works

During MVD, the neurosurgeon carefully exposes the affected cranial nerve at the base of the brain. Using microsurgical techniques, the blood vessel pressing on the nerve is gently moved or cushioned with a small implant to relieve the pressure. This allows the nerve to function normally and reduces or eliminates pain and spasms.

The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia and uses high-powered microscopes and precise instruments to protect surrounding brain tissue.

Benefits of MVD

Microvascular Decompression offers several advantages:

• Significant and often long-term pain relief

• Preservation of nerve function

• Reduction or elimination of medication dependency

• Improved quality of life and daily function

Unlike some nerve procedures, MVD addresses the underlying cause of the symptoms rather than only masking the pain.

What to Expect Before Surgery

Before MVD, patients undergo detailed neurological evaluation and imaging, such as MRI, to identify the exact location of the nerve compression. Your neurosurgeon will explain the procedure, expected outcomes, and potential risks. A personalised surgical plan is developed for every patient.

Recovery After Surgery

Recovery varies depending on the individual and the complexity of the procedure. Most patients stay in hospital for a few days and experience gradual improvement in symptoms. Some mild discomfort, swelling, or temporary numbness may occur but generally improves over time. Full recovery and long-term relief are the primary goals.

Risks and Safety

As with all neurosurgical procedures, MVD carries some risks, including infection, bleeding, or temporary nerve irritation. However, it is a well-established procedure performed using advanced techniques to minimise complications and protect neurological function.

Expert, Personalised Care

Dr Victor Magumbeze provides individualised care for patients undergoing MVD, ensuring safety, precision, and optimal outcomes. Each patient’s treatment plan is tailored to their specific condition, with the goal of restoring comfort, function, and quality of life.